第五阶段
readme.md
CLOUD
01
virtual-01
课程总结
第五阶段环境
02
openstack
03
cloud
04
docker-01
05
docker-02
06
K8S-01
07
K8S-02
08
k8s-03
09
K8S-04
10
k8s-05
token
ARCHITECTURE
2.01
elk-01
2.02
elk-02
2.03
Hadoop -- 01
2.04
Hadoop -- 02
2.05
Hadoop -- 03
kubectl 命令速查手册
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K8S-02
# kubernetes -- 02 ## kubernetes 基础管理 #### kubectl 命令 ###### 命令说明 | 命令格式 | 命令说明 | | --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | | kubectl run 资源名称 -参数 --image=镜像名称:标签 | 创建资源对象，常用参数-i交互，-t终端 | | kubectl get 查询资源 可选参数 -o wide 显示主机信息 | 常用查询的资源 node\|deployment\|pod | | kubectl exec -it 容器id 执行的命令 | 同 docker exec 指令，进入容器内 | | kubectl describe 资源类型 资源名称 | 查询资源的详细信息 | | kubectl attach | 同 docker attach 指令，连接容器 | | kubectl logs 容器id | 查看容器控制台的标准输出 | | kubectl delete 资源类型 资源名称 | 删除指定的资源 | | kubectl create\|apply -f 资源文件 | 执行指定的资源文件 | ###### 命令案例 ```shell # get 查询信息 [root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION master Ready master 19h v1.17.6 node-0001 Ready <none> 16h v1.17.6 [root@master ~]# kubectl get pod No resources found in default namespace. [root@master ~]# kubectl get namespaces NAME STATUS AGE default Active 9h kube-node-lease Active 9h kube-public Active 9h kube-system Active 9h [root@master ~]# kubectl -n kube-system get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kube-flannel-ds-amd64-hf2jp 1/1 Running 0 41m kube-flannel-ds-amd64-rtl4l 1/1 Running 0 41m ... ... # describe 查询详细信息 [root@master ~]# kubectl -n kube-system describe pod kube-flannel-ds-amd64-rtl4l Name: kube-proxy-4tbp6 Namespace: kube-system ... ... # 使用run启动容器 [root@master ~]# kubectl run testos -it --image=192.168.1.100:5000/myos:v1804 [root@testos-79778b4895-s8mxl /]# # 启动服务 [root@master ~]# kubectl run testweb --image=192.168.1.100:5000/myos:httpd kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead. deployment.apps/testweb created # 访问节点 [root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP testos-79778b4895-s8mxl 1/1 Running 1 6m33s 10.244.3.2 ... ... testweb-7bf98b9576-v566c 1/1 Running 0 4m24s 10.244.4.2 ... ... [root@master ~]# curl http://10.244.4.2/info.php <pre> Array ( [REMOTE_ADDR] => 10.244.0.0 [REQUEST_METHOD] => GET [HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0 [REQUEST_URI] => /info.php ) php_host: testweb-7bf98b9576-v566c 1229 # 进入容器 [root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it testos-79778b4895-s8mxl -- /bin/bash [root@testos-79778b4895-s8mxl /]# [root@master ~]# kubectl attach -it testos-79778b4895-s8mxl [root@testos-79778b4895-s8mxl /]# # 查看终端日志 [root@master ~]# kubectl logs testweb-7bf98b9576-v566c AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server fully qualified domain name, using 10.244.4.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message # 执行指定的资源文件 [root@master flannel]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml # 删除资源，直接删除POD会自动重建 [root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod testos-79778b4895-s8mxl pod "testos-79778b4895-s8mxl" deleted [root@master ~]# kubectl delete deployments testos deployment.apps "testos" deleted ``` #### 资源文件 在k8s集群中，latest标签是不会被缓存，如果想缓存可以使用其他标签 ```shell [root@master ~]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/myos/tags/list {"name":"myos","tags":["nginx","php-fpm","v1804","httpd"]} ``` ###### pod 资源文件 ```yaml [root@master config]# vim mypod.yaml --- kind: Pod apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: mypod spec: containers: - name: mylinux image: 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:v1804 stdin: true tty: true [root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mypod.yaml pod/mypod created [root@master ~]# kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE mypod 1/1 Running 0 13s [root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f mypod.yaml pod "mypod" deleted [root@master ~]# ``` ###### deployment 资源文件 ```yaml [root@master ~]# vim myapache.yaml --- kind: Deployment apiVersion: apps/v1 metadata: name: myapache annotations: kubernetes.io/change-cause: httpd.v1 spec: selector: matchLabels: myapp: httpd replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: myapp: httpd spec: containers: - name: webcluster image: 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:httpd stdin: false tty: false ports: - protocol: TCP containerPort: 80 restartPolicy: Always [root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myapache.yaml deployment.apps/myapache created [root@master ~]# kubectl get deployments.apps NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE myapache 1/1 1 1 19s [root@master ~]# kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE myapache-69b494dc5c-bff95 1/1 Running 0 28s [root@master ~]# ``` #### 集群调度 ###### 扩容与缩减 ```shell [root@master ~]# kubectl get deployments.apps NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE myapache 1/1 1 1 113s [root@master ~]# kubectl scale deployment myapache --replicas=3 deployment.apps/myapache scaled [root@master ~]# kubectl get deployments.apps NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE myapache 3/3 3 3 2m12s [root@master ~]# ``` ###### 集群更新与回滚 ```shell [root@master config]# kubectl rollout history deployment myapache deployment.apps/myapache REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE 1 <none> [root@master ~]# curl http://10.244.3.5 this is apache [root@master ~]# kubectl edit deployments.apps myapache deployment.apps/myapache edited [root@master ~]# curl http://10.244.2.6 this is nginx [root@master ~]# kubectl rollout history deployment myapache deployment.apps/myapache REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE 1 <none> 2 <none> [root@master ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment myapache --to-revision=1 deployment.apps/myapache rolled back [root@master ~]# curl http://10.244.3.6 this is apache [root@master ~]# ``` ###### 节点标签选择器 使用 nodeName 参数让容器运行在指定节点上 ```yaml [root@master ~]# vim myapache.yaml --- kind: Deployment apiVersion: apps/v1 metadata: name: myapache spec: selector: matchLabels: myapp: httpd replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: myapp: httpd spec: nodeName: node-0001 # 新增一行 containers: - name: webcluster image: 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:httpd stdin: false tty: false ports: - protocol: TCP containerPort: 80 restartPolicy: Always [root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f myapache.yaml deployment.apps "myapache" deleted [root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myapache.yaml deployment.apps/myapache created [root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE myapache-xxx 1/1 Running 0 3m49s 10.244.3.9 node-0001 ``` 使用 标签 让容器运行在一些节点上 ```shell [root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f myapache.yaml deployment.apps "myapache" deleted [root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS master Ready master 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=master ... ... node-0001 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=node-0001 ... ... node-0002 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=node-0002 ... ... node-0003 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=node-0003 ... ... [root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node-0002 node-0003 disktype=ssd node/node-0002 labeled node/node-0003 labeled [root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS master Ready master 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=master ... ... node-0001 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=node-0001 ... ... node-0002 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 disktype=ssd ... ... node-0003 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 disktype=ssd ... ... [root@master ~]# vim myapache.yaml --- kind: Deployment apiVersion: apps/v1 metadata: name: myapache spec: selector: matchLabels: myapp: httpd replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: myapp: httpd spec: nodeSelector: # 新添加 disktype: ssd # 新添加 containers: - name: webcluster image: 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:httpd stdin: false tty: false ports: - protocol: TCP containerPort: 80 restartPolicy: Always [root@master ~]# kubectl scale deployment myapache --replicas=3 deployment.apps/myapache scaled [root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE myapache-xxx 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.1.7 node-0003 <none> myapache-xxx 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.2.8 node-0002 <none> myapache-xxx 1/1 Running 0 21s 10.244.2.7 node-0002 <none> [root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f myapache.yaml deployment.apps "myapache" deleted [root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node-0002 node-0003 disktype- node/node-0002 labeled node/node-0003 labeled [root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS master Ready master 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=master ... ... node-0001 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=node-0001 ... ... node-0002 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=node-0002 ... ... node-0003 Ready <none> 10h v1.17.6 kubernetes.io/hostname=node-0003 ... ... [root@master ~]# ```
有云转晴
2022年4月11日 14:48
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